A real story

Tiffany R. learned early in life that cigarettes cause premature death and disease: her mother died of smoking-related lung cancer when Tiffany was just 16.

Tiffany, a participant in CDC's Tips From Former Smokers® (Tips) ad campaign, said that she felt alone and afraid during her mother's illness.  "And I felt it could have been prevented," she said.  Even so, Tiffany herself wasn't able to quit smoking for good until her own daughter turned 16.

"I didn't want my daughter to think, 'Wow, my mother loves cigarette smoking more than she cares about me,'" she said.

A new report by the U.S. Surgeon General provides the latest science on what helps people like Tiffany quit smoking for good—and why quitting is so important.  One of the most important actions people can take to improve their health is to quit smoking, no matter how old they are or how long they've been smoking.

Proven ways to quit

Cigarette smoking is still the leading preventable cause of disease and death in the United States, killing almost half a million Americans every year.  Smoking-related disease costs the nation more than $300 billion every year, and as Tiffany knows, hurts families as well.  Luckily, the report highlights ways to quit that are backed up by science.

Counseling and medication are each effective by themselves, but when used together, they can more than double your chance of successfully quitting.  There are many safe, proven medications—including five kinds of nicotine replacement therapy (NRT) and two non-NRT prescription medicines.  Evidence in the report shows that combining long-acting NRT such as nicotine patches with short-acting NRT such as nicotine gum or lozenges can also raise your chances of quitting.

Nearly 70% of people who smoke cigarettes want to quit.  Tiffany had tried before, each time learning something new about herself.  However, when she finally succeeded in quitting, she did it by following the directions included with her nicotine patches, making sure to use them the right way.

Stronger science, same advice

This report is the first Surgeon General's report since 1990 to focus solely on the health benefits of quitting smoking.

Much more research is available about those benefits since the last Surgeon General's report on quitting.  The fact remains that if you smoke, quitting smoking entirely is still the best way to improve your current and future health:

• It can increase your life expectancy up to 10 years and make it easier to enjoy life.
• The risk for some smoking-related illnesses—including heart disease, stroke, and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)—goes down after you quit.
• Quitting also lowers risk of 12 types of cancer over time, including cancers of the lung, larynx (voice box), mouth and throat, esophagus, pancreas, bladder, stomach, colon and rectum, liver, cervix, and kidney, plus a type of blood cancer called acute myeloid leukemia.  The report also suggests that cancer survivors can reduce their risk of dying from cancer by quitting smoking.
• If you already have coronary heart disease, quitting can lower your risk of dying from it, getting a new type of heart disease, or having the disease come back.
• Quitting smoking can also lower or delay loss of lung function and slows down the progress of COPD.

The report makes it clear that pregnant women who quit smoking not only improve their own health, but also their newborns'.  Cigarette smoking and secondhand smoke exposure make it more likely that women will have serious medical issues during pregnancy.  Babies born to mothers who smoke are more likely to have lower birth weight and to die in the first year of life.  If you are pregnant or planning to become pregnant, one of the best things you can do for yourself and your baby is to quit smoking.

Read more: The Surgeon General's Report

• Smoking Cessation: A Report of the Surgeon General [PDF–10MB]
• Executive Summary [PDF–305 KB]
• What You Need To Know About Quitting Smoking (Consumer Guide) [PDF–7.72 MB

Fact sheets

• Key Findings
• Adult Smoking Cessation—The Use of E-Cigarettes
• Smoking Cessation—The Role of Healthcare Professionals and Health Systems
• Smoking Cessation—The Role of Payers

Everyone can help improve health

Everyone, including employers and health care workers, can support people in quitting.  Some strategies that the report shows motivate people to quit include:

• Employers offering insurance that covers quit-smoking treatment and putting in place smokefree workplace policies.
• Smokefree policies in restaurants and bars.
• Hard-hitting mass media campaigns.
• State or federal governments raising cigarette prices.
• Requiring visual warnings on cigarette packages showing smoking-related disease.
• Funding sustainable state tobacco control programs.

Counseling and treatment from health care professionals such as doctors, nurses, and pharmacists also can also help people quit.  Even though more doctors are talking to their patients about quitting smoking, only about 60% of adults who smoke get quitting advice from health care professionals.

Finally, if you have a friend or loved one who wants to quit, you can help, too.  Encourage them to talk to their doctor and direct them toward resources that can keep them on track in their quit journey.

More help than ever

Whether you want to quit smoking or want to help someone quit, you can find more resources today than ever before.  You can find counseling in person or by phone.  You can get most forms of NRT over the counter, though you might need a prescription to get insurance coverage.  Your doctor can prescribe other medications that help lower your desire to smoke and fight cravings.

You can also get help by calling a quitline.  Quitlines are a free, convenient, and confidential source of support and information.  There are smartphone apps and texting programs you can use to track your progress and carry support wherever you go.

Quitting smoking is not easy, but it is possible, especially with proven, safe treatments.

Tiffany found her reason to start her journey to better health right in her own family.  Wherever you find yours, let it guide you to all the available resources for quitting, and toward a healthier future.

Free quitting resources

Telephone

• 1-800-QUIT-NOW
• 1-855-DÉJELO-YA (Español)
• 1-800-838-8917 (中文)
• 1-800-556-5564 (한국어)
• 1-800-778-8440 (Tiếng Việt)

Smartphone apps and text

• Text QUITNOW to 333888 (Message and data rates may apply)
• quitSTART app

Web

• Quit Smoking (En Español)
• Smokefree.gov (En Español)
• Asian Smokers' Quitline